What is the medical term for inflammation of the nerve?

The term "neuritis" specifically refers to the inflammation of a nerve or nerves. This condition can occur due to various causes, including infections, autoimmune diseases, or physical injuries. Symptoms of neuritis often include pain, weakness, and sensory disturbances in the area supplied by the affected nerve, reflecting the nerve's role in both motor and sensory function.

The other terms do not relate to nerve inflammation. For instance, "capillary" refers to the smallest blood vessels in the body, which are not related to nerve inflammation. "Goiter" is associated with an enlargement of the thyroid gland, typically due to iodine deficiency or thyroid dysfunction. "Cholelithiasis" pertains to the presence of gallstones in the gallbladder, which is also unrelated to nerves. Therefore, neuritis stands out distinctly as the correct medical term related to nerve inflammation.