What does 'PO' typically indicate concerning the route of medication administration?

The abbreviation 'PO' stands for "per os," which is a Latin term meaning "by mouth." It indicates that a medication is to be taken orally. This route of administration is one of the most common methods for delivering medications because it allows for easy self-administration and generally has a convenient absorption process through the gastrointestinal tract.

When considering the other options, they refer to different methods of medication administration. Intramuscular, topical, and by injection each describe specific routes that involve different techniques and locations within the body. However, none of these alternatives align with the meaning of 'PO,' reinforcing that the oral route is the focus of this particular abbreviation.